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| Abraham took another wife, whose name was Ketu'rah. | וַיֹּסֶף אַבְרָהָם וַיִּקַּח אִשָּׁה וּשְׁמָהּ קְטוּרָה׃ | E source Gn.25.1-4
Generations - Abraham. Gn.25.1-6 |
| She bore him Zimran, Jokshan, Medan, Mid'ian, Ishbak, and Shuah. | וַתֵּלֶד לֹו אֶת־זִמְרָן וְאֶת־יָקְשָׁן וְאֶת־מְדָן וְאֶת־מִדְיָן וְאֶת־יִשְׁבָּק וְאֶת־שׁוּחַ׃ | |
| Jokshan was the father of Sheba and Dedan. The sons of Dedan were Asshu'rim, Letu'shim, and Le-um'mim. | וְיָקְשָׁן יָלַד אֶת־שְׁבָא וְאֶת־דְּדָן וּבְנֵי דְדָן הָיוּ אַשּׁוּרִם וּלְטוּשִׁים וּלְאֻמִּים׃ | |
| The sons of Mid'ian were Ephah, Epher, Hanoch, Abi'da, and Elda'ah. All these were the children of Ketu'rah. | וּבְנֵי מִדְיָן עֵיפָה וָעֵפֶר וַחֲנֹךְ וַאֲבִידָע וְאֶלְדָּעָה כָּל־אֵלֶּה בְּנֵי קְטוּרָה׃ | |
| Abraham gave all he had to Isaac. | וַיִּתֵּן אַבְרָהָם אֶת־כָּל־אֲשֶׁר־לֹו לְיִצְחָק׃ | J source Gn.25.5-6
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| But to the sons of his concubines Abraham gave gifts, and while he was still living he sent them away from his son Isaac, eastward to the east country. | וְלִבְנֵי הַפִּילַגְשִׁים אֲשֶׁר לְאַבְרָהָם נָתַן אַבְרָהָם מַתָּנֹת וַיְשַׁלְּחֵם מֵעַל יִצְחָק בְּנֹו בְּעֹודֶנּוּ חַי קֵדְמָה אֶל־אֶרֶץ קֶדֶם׃ | |
| These are the days of the years of Abraham's life, a hundred and seventy-five years. | וְאֵלֶּה יְמֵי שְׁנֵי־חַיֵּי אַבְרָהָם אֲשֶׁר־חָי מְאַת שָׁנָה וְשִׁבְעִים שָׁנָה וְחָמֵשׁ שָׁנִים׃ | P source Gn.25.7-11a
The death of Abraham. Gn.25.7-11 |
| Abraham breathed his last and died in a good old age, an old man and full of years, and was gathered to his people. | וַיִּגְוַע וַיָּמָת אַבְרָהָם בְּשֵׂיבָה טֹובָה זָקֵן וְשָׂבֵעַ וַיֵּאָסֶף אֶל־עַמָּיו׃ | |
| Isaac and Ish'mael his sons buried him in the cave of Mach-pe'lah, in the field of Ephron the son of Zohar the Hittite, east of Mamre, | וַיִּקְבְּרוּ אֹתֹו יִצְחָק וְיִשְׁמָעֵאל בָּנָיו אֶל־מְעָרַת הַמַּכְפֵּלָה אֶל־שְׂדֵה עֶפְרֹן בֶּן־צֹחַר הַחִתִּי אֲשֶׁר עַל־פְּנֵי מַמְרֵא׃ | |
| the field which Abraham purchased from the Hittites. There Abraham was buried, with Sarah his wife. | הַשָּׂדֶה אֲשֶׁר־קָנָה אַבְרָהָם מֵאֵת בְּנֵי־חֵת שָׁמָּה קֻבַּר אַבְרָהָם וְשָׂרָה אִשְׁתֹּו׃ | |
| After the death of Abraham God blessed Isaac his son. And Isaac dwelt at Beer-la'hai-roi. | וַיְהִי אַחֲרֵי מֹות אַבְרָהָם וַיְבָרֶךְ אֱלֹהִים אֶת־יִצְחָק בְּנֹו וַיֵּשֶׁב יִצְחָק עִם־בְּאֵר לַחַי רֹאִי׃ ס | J source Gn.25.11b
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| These are the descendants of Ish'mael, Abraham's son, whom Hagar the Egyptian, Sarah's maid, bore to Abraham. | וְאֵלֶּה תֹּלְדֹת יִשְׁמָעֵאל בֶּן־אַבְרָהָם אֲשֶׁר יָלְדָה הָגָר הַמִּצְרִית שִׁפְחַת שָׂרָה לְאַבְרָהָם׃ | R source Gn.25.12
Generations - Ishmael. Gn.25.12-18 |
| These are the names of the sons of Ish'mael, named in the order of their birth: Neba'ioth, the first-born of Ish'mael; and Kedar, Adbeel, Mibsam, | וְאֵלֶּה שְׁמֹות בְּנֵי יִשְׁמָעֵאל בִּשְׁמֹתָם לְתֹולְדֹתָם בְּכֹר יִשְׁמָעֵאל נְבָיֹת וְקֵדָר וְאַדְבְּאֵל וּמִבְשָׂם׃ | P source Gn.25.13-18
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| Mishma, Dumah, Massa, | וּמִשְׁמָע וְדוּמָה וּמַשָּׂא׃ | |
| Hadad, Tema, Jetur, Naphish, and Ked'emah. | חֲדַד וְתֵימָא יְטוּר נָפִישׁ וָקֵדְמָה׃ | |
| These are the sons of Ish'mael and these are their names, by their villages and by their encampments, twelve princes according to their tribes. | אֵלֶּה הֵם בְּנֵי יִשְׁמָעֵאל וְאֵלֶּה שְׁמֹתָם בְּחַצְרֵיהֶם וּבְטִירֹתָם שְׁנֵים־עָשָׂר נְשִׂיאִם לְאֻמֹּתָם׃ | |
| (These are the years of the life of Ish'mael, a hundred and thirty-seven years; he breathed his last and died, and was gathered to his kindred.) | וְאֵלֶּה שְׁנֵי חַיֵּי יִשְׁמָעֵאל מְאַת שָׁנָה וּשְׁלֹשִׁים שָׁנָה וְשֶׁבַע שָׁנִים וַיִּגְוַע וַיָּמָת וַיֵּאָסֶף אֶל־עַמָּיו׃ | |
| They dwelt from Hav'ilah to Shur, which is opposite Egypt in the direction of Assyria; he settled over against all his people. | וַיִּשְׁכְּנוּ מֵחֲוִילָה עַד־שׁוּר אֲשֶׁר עַל־פְּנֵי מִצְרַיִם בֹּאֲכָה אַשּׁוּרָה עַל־פְּנֵי כָל־אֶחָיו נָפָל׃ ף | |
| These are the descendants of Isaac, Abraham's son: Abraham was the father of Isaac, | וְאֵלֶּה תֹּולְדֹת יִצְחָק בֶּן־אַבְרָהָם אַבְרָהָם הֹולִיד אֶת־יִצְחָק׃ | R source Gn.25.19
The birth of Esau and Jacob. Gn.25.19-26 |
| and Isaac was forty years old when he took to wife Rebekah, the daughter of Bethu'el the Aramean of Paddan-aram, the sister of Laban the Aramean. | וַיְהִי יִצְחָק בֶּן־אַרְבָּעִים שָׁנָה בְּקַחְתֹּו אֶת־רִבְקָה בַּת־בְּתוּאֵל הָאֲרַמִּי מִפַּדַּן אֲרָם אֲחֹות לָבָן הָאֲרַמִּי לֹו לְאִשָּׁה׃ | P source Gn.25.20
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| And Isaac prayed to the LORD for his wife, because she was barren; and the LORD granted his prayer, and Rebekah his wife conceived. | וַיֶּעְתַּר יִצְחָק לַיהוָה לְנֹכַח אִשְׁתֹּו כִּי עֲקָרָה הִוא וַיֵּעָתֶר לֹו יְהוָה וַתַּהַר רִבְקָה אִשְׁתֹּו׃ | J source Gn.25.21-34
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| The children struggled together within her; and she said, "If it is thus, why do I live?" So she went to inquire of the LORD. | וַיִּתְרֹצֲצוּ הַבָּנִים בְּקִרְבָּהּ וַתֹּאמֶר אִם־כֵּן לָמָּה זֶּה אָנֹכִי וַתֵּלֶךְ לִדְרֹשׁ אֶת־יְהוָה׃ | |
| And the LORD said to her, "Two nations are in your womb,
and two peoples, born of you, shall be divided;
the one shall be stronger than the other,
the elder shall serve the younger." | וַיֹּאמֶר יְהוָה לָהּ שְׁנֵי [כ= גֹיִים] [ק= גֹויִם] בְּבִטְנֵךְ וּשְׁנֵי לְאֻמִּים מִמֵּעַיִךְ יִפָּרֵדוּ
וּלְאֹם מִלְאֹם יֶאֱמָץ וְרַב יַעֲבֹד צָעִיר׃ | |
| When her days to be delivered were fulfilled, behold, there were twins in her womb. | וַיִּמְלְאוּ יָמֶיהָ לָלֶדֶת וְהִנֵּה תֹוםִם בְּבִטְנָהּ׃ | |
| The first came forth red, all his body like a hairy mantle; so they called his name Esau. | וַיֵּצֵא הָרִאשֹׁון אַדְמֹונִי כֻּלֹּו כְּאַדֶּרֶת שֵׂעָר וַיִּקְרְאוּ שְׁמֹו עֵשָׂו׃ | |
| Afterward his brother came forth, and his hand had taken hold of Esau's heel; so his name was called Jacob. Isaac was sixty years old when she bore them. | וְאַחֲרֵי־כֵן יָצָא אָחִיו וְיָדֹו אֹחֶזֶת בַּעֲקֵב עֵשָׂו וַיִּקְרָא שְׁמֹו יַעֲקֹב וְיִצְחָק בֶּן־שִׁשִּׁים שָׁנָה בְּלֶדֶת אֹתָם׃ | |
| When the boys grew up, Esau was a skilful hunter, a man of the field, while Jacob was a quiet man, dwelling in tents. | וַיִּגְדְּלוּ הַנְּעָרִים וַיְהִי עֵשָׂו אִישׁ יֹדֵעַ צַיִד אִישׁ שָׂדֶה וְיַעֲקֹב אִישׁ תָּם יֹשֵׁב אֹהָלִים׃ | Esau sells his birthright. Gn.25.27-34 |
| Isaac loved Esau, because he ate of his game; but Rebekah loved Jacob. | וַיֶּאֱהַב יִצְחָק אֶת־עֵשָׂו כִּי־צַיִד בְּפִיו וְרִבְקָה אֹהֶבֶת אֶת־יַעֲקֹב׃ | |
| Once when Jacob was boiling pottage, Esau came in from the field, and he was famished. | וַיָּזֶד יַעֲקֹב נָזִיד וַיָּבֹא עֵשָׂו מִן־הַשָּׂדֶה וְהוּא עָיֵף׃ | |
| And Esau said to Jacob, "Let me eat some of that red pottage, for I am famished!" (Therefore his name was called Edom.) | וַיֹּאמֶר עֵשָׂו אֶל־יַעֲקֹב הַלְעִיטֵנִי נָא מִן־הָאָדֹם הָאָדֹם הַזֶּה כִּי עָיֵף אָנֹכִי עַל־כֵּן קָרָא־שְׁמֹו אֱדֹום׃ | |
| Jacob said, "First sell me your birthright." | וַיֹּאמֶר יַעֲקֹב מִכְרָה כַיֹּום אֶת־בְּכֹרָתְךָ לִי׃ | |
| Esau said, "I am about to die; of what use is a birthright to me?" | וַיֹּאמֶר עֵשָׂו הִנֵּה אָנֹכִי הֹולֵךְ לָמוּת וְלָמָּה־זֶּה לִי בְּכֹרָה׃ | |
| Jacob said, "Swear to me first." So he swore to him, and sold his birthright to Jacob. | וַיֹּאמֶר יַעֲקֹב הִשָּׁבְעָה לִּי כַּיֹּומ וַיִּשָּׁבַע לֹו וַיִּמְכֹּר אֶת־בְּכֹרָתֹו לְיַעֲקֹב׃ | |
| Then Jacob gave Esau bread and pottage of lentils, and he ate and drank, and rose and went his way. Thus Esau despised his birthright. | וְיַעֲקֹב נָתַן לְעֵשָׂו לֶחֶם וּנְזִיד עֲדָשִׁים וַיֹּאכַל וַיֵּשְׁתְּ וַיָּקָם וַיֵּלַךְ וַיִּבֶז עֵשָׂו אֶת־הַבְּכֹרָה׃ ס | |
Notes: Documentary sources have been extracted from "Who Wrote the Bible" by
Richard Elliott Friedman (1987).
© Paul Ingram 2006.
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